Glossary
Plain-language definitions of the terms used across our product pages and reports.
Short, plain-language definitions of the terms that appear on our product pages, lab reports and research articles. Hover any underlined term elsewhere on the site to see its definition without leaving the page.
- HPLC
- High-performance liquid chromatography: separates a sample into its components so the share that is the target compound can be measured.
- ESI-MS
- Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry: measures molecular weight, confirming the molecule is the one on the label.
- lyophilized
- Freeze-dried. Water is removed under vacuum, which makes the powder stable at ambient temperature for shipping.
- counter-ion
- A charged partner (often acetate) bound to the peptide. It adds weight that is not peptide.
- net peptide content
- How much of the powder’s weight is actually peptide, rather than counter-ions and residual water.
- COA
- Certificate of analysis: the laboratory report for a specific batch.
- RUO
- Research use only: made for laboratory experiments, not approved as a drug or supplement.
- in-vitro
- In glassware: experiments in cells, tissue or solution rather than in a living body.
- solid-phase synthesis
- Building a peptide one residue at a time on a solid resin support.
- deamidation
- A degradation reaction where asparagine or glutamine slowly converts, changing the molecule.
- aliquot
- A measured portion divided from a larger stock so the main vial is not repeatedly thawed.
Still unclear?
If something on a product page or a batch report doesn’t make sense, ask us. We answer technical questions about sequences, counter-ions, solubility and documentation within one business day.
We can’t answer questions about dosing, administration or use in people or animals.